What makes a successful spiritual leader?
There’s no such thing. It is people who make a spiritual “leader” successful, there is no property or a characteristic of a spiritual “leader” that makes him successful. Truth is very easy for an enlightened person, he knows nothing but truth, but whether he will be surrounded by crowds of devotees and be recognized is largely a matter of circumstance and his personal preference. If he is eloquent and puts some effort into it, he may achieve recognition through books, like Adyashanti. If he is in a country with rich spiritual tradition, or people witness his transformation, seekers might flock to him and the whole thing may just snowball on its own, like in the case of Osho. But most enlightened people are completely unrecognized, especially in the west.
There is a reason for that. Enlightenment doesn’t make you special, it just makes you sane and ordinary. And as such, it is, strictly speaking, impossible to recognize an enlightened person, although it’s possible to recognize enlightenment as he is going through the transformation. But once it’s done he becomes just like everyone else, he becomes invisible.
Which is why Robert Adams used to say “the great ones, you never hear about”.
Osho speaks about it, too, very poetically, as usual:
“To go beyond enlightenment is to become an ordinary human being. To forget all about enlightenment and all about great spiritual aspirations and to live simply joyously, playfully… this ordinariness is the most extraordinary phenomenon in the world. But you will not be able to recognize him. Up to Gautam Buddha you will be able to recognize, but as a person moves beyond Gautam Buddha, he will start slipping out of your hands. Those who have recognized him as an enlightened being may remain aware of who he is, but those who come new will not be able to recognize him at all, because he will be simply a very innocent, ordinary human being – just like a child collecting seashells on the beach, running after butterflies, gathering flowers. No division of body and soul, no division of matter and spirit, no division of this life and that – all that is forgotten; one has relaxed totally.”