Yes and no.

The problem with such questions is, as usual, terminology.

Enlightenment as a word has been used to refer to a realization, a singular event. There are no degrees of it. You either made the realization or you haven’t. The realization is that of a completely imaginary nature of your character, your persona. People also call it self-realization or awakening (although the vast majority of people use “awakening” to refer to any number of prior realizations such as “we are one”, “there’s a higher self” etc. - these are not self-realization).

After self-realization it is seen that only consciousness is true, and your character/persona/ego was a dream and it was never real. It was a fantasy, a work of fiction.

This realization is ultimate and there are no degrees of this realization. There are, however, numerous degrees of experience coming after it, because the mind cannot stop dreaming completely and altogether in an instant. The truth is seen, but the untruth still lingers in the mind, and it will not be recognized as such until it is also seen.

Seeing all of the untruth can take a long time, so as the mind winds down its dreaming activity, the experience becomes deeper and the reality is seen clearer and clearer. This also can be very emotional, because we find comfort in dreaming (dreaming is hoping), and the full truth, including seeing yourself for what you were and seeing people for what they are, hurts very much. I loved the quote from some Zen guy given in another answer: “it took me 12 years to get over it”. This is exactly what he’s referring to.

In complete enlightenment, the mind stops dreaming completely. Illusion becomes impossible. The reality is seen and accepted for what it is, fully. There is no more evolution of experience, no more wisdom to uncover, no more evolution of consciousness, there is nothing beyond it, only life. The mind forever loses its capacity to imagine things that are not real and believe them. Night dreams become impossible also, because it’s the same phenomenon. Ego is abandoned completely, and even the idea and the perception of consciousness/awareness is abandoned completely, because it’s not needed any more. You become profoundly ordinary again, same as you were before, but no drama, no spirituality, no philosophy. Sometimes this state is called Nirbija Samadhi, “seedless” Samadhi. The “seed” refers to that capacity of the mind to imagine and believe. In full enlightenment, all dreaming must cease.

Whatever is accepted cannot hurt any longer, so self-realization makes one very vulnerable whereas by the time of enlightenment one is like a stone, emotionally speaking.

But it cannot be forced, it’s a happening. Even though practice after self-realization is possible (and I encourage it), it becomes somewhat moot. What is much more important is a total relaxation and complete surrender to all emotions that are yet to come.

So is there evolution of consciousness from the enlightenment event (self-realization) to the fully enlightened state? Yes, absolutely. Self-realization is the end of one journey and the beginning of another.

Is there evolution of consciousness after enlightenment? No, it’s impossible. There are no more dreams to cease.

Most people speaking of enlightenment are still dreaming on some level, which doesn’t mean they cannot give good advice to a seeker. Once found it is found, and it’s not possible to lose. But that’s just the beginning of the road to freedom.